Abordagem linguístico-computacional dos contos da tradição oral portuguesa: léxico e valores

The intrinsic relationship between oral tradition tales and the transmission of values is generally taken for granted. However, all publications focusing on this topic simply mention the important role that oral tradition literature plays in the transmission of values, and there is a very large gap in its objective study. The aim of this study is to identify how the lexicon linked to values, read from the Corpus Linguistics using a computational analysis of tales, is present in the oral tradition, contextualizing its occurrences either from a global perspective or from a comparative- contrastive perspective, in order to allow the critical reflection of the contents, their articulation with the necessary intervention in society and the vocabulary richness that the texts present. The authors who have contributed the most to Corpus Linguistics since the second half of the last century to the present will be identified in the Introduction. This work is the first reflection that is made, for what is known, between the Corpus Linguistics and the lexicon of the values of the tales of oral tradition. The methodology used will consist of an analysis using automatic text analysis programs and the conclusions will be in line with the objectives described below.Keywords: corpus linguistics; lexicon; values

Currículo e avaliação em creche

O presente trabalho de investigação inclui um quadro teórico respeitante a questões de currículo e de avaliação em crianças com idade precoces. Em termos metodológicos, apresenta um estudo quantitativo dum universo de educadores de infância com prática educativa em creche, do distrito do Porto.This research includes a theoretical framework concerning issues of curriculum and assessment in children with early age. In terms of methodology, presents a quantitative study of a childhood educator’s universe with educational practice in nursery, port district

Creative teaching methods in marketing higher education: A case study of a portuguese marketing school

This dissertation investigates the creative teaching methods applied in marketing courses. Its purpose is to understand how marketing higher education institutions can improve the students’ learning experience by using creative teaching methods. A qualitative approach was used, and an exploratory case study was conducted, which contributed to getting a deeper insight into the problem. Data were collected through document analysis, and eleven interviews were conducted with marketing higher education students of IPAM Porto, to understand (1) the creative teaching methods applied in marketing courses, (2) the specific application of each method, (3) their influence on the students’ learning experience, and (4) the improvement of the learning experience of students by innovating methods’ application. The findings of this study can support marketing higher education institutions and teachers understanding how the application of creative teaching methods improves the students’ learning experience. Suitable and contextualized creative teaching methods that promote direct contact with the business world, adaptation to new situations, teamwork, the development of creative skills, and that are seen as a new challenge, enrich the learning experience of students. Due to this study’s approach, the number of interviewees, and the fact that interviews were conducted mainly online, these findings may not be generalized.The high demand for marketers’ creative skills, as well as the lack of studies and depthless understanding of the improvement of the students’ learning experience through the application of creative teaching methods, reveal the relevance of this research

Cultural influences on spontaneous trait inferences

This work explores the effect of culture in the inference of personality traits from people’s behaviours (spontaneous trait inference - STI). Specifically, it explores the effect of the individualism/collectivism cultural dimension. In Study 1 we manipulated the independent/interdependent self-construal to explore whether it would mimic the differences found between individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Study 2 explored the impact of the horizontality/verticality distinction of individualism/collectivism. Shimizu, Lee, and Uleman’s (2017) adaptation of the false recognition paradigm was used in both studies to measure STIs. Despite independents making more STIs on average than interdependents, as theoretically expected, Study 1 fell short of statistical significance possibly due to having a small sample size. Study 2 was unable to find a statistically significant difference between horizontal individualists (HI) and horizontal collectivists (HC) on STI. We discuss the relevance of these null results and their implications in the context of STI differences between individualists and collectivists.O presente trabalho explora o efeito da cultura na inferência de traços de personalidade a partir de comportamentos (inferência espontânea de traços - STI). Especificamente, o efeito da dimensão cultural do individualismo/coletivismo. No Estudo 1 manipulou-se a independência/interdependência dos participantes para se explorar se obteria resultados similares aos encontrados entre culturas individualistas e coletivistas. O Estudo 2 explorou o impacto da distinção horizontal/vertical do individualismo/coletivismo. A adaptação de Shimizu, Lee, e Uleman (2017) do paradigma do falso reconhecimento foi usada em ambos os estudos para medir STIs. Apesar de independentes fazerem em média mais STIs do que interdependentes tal como era teoricamente esperado, o Estudo 1 não obteve significância estatística possivelmente devido à amostra ser pequena. O Estudo 2 também não encontrou diferenças significativas entre individualistas horizontais (HI) e coletivistas horizontais (HC) nas STIs. A relevância destes resultados nulos e as suas implicações para o estudo das diferenças entre individualistas e coletivistas em STIs são discutidos

Avaliação do efeito da suplementação com colesterol na hipertensão arterial pulmonar experimental

Cardiac cachexia (CC) is a serious complication of heart failure (HF), characterized by involuntary weight loss, independent of food intake and associated with poor prognosis. Given the lack of therapeutic strategies for CC, further research is needed to explore its complex pathophysiology and to test new preventive and therapeutic approaches. The cholesterol paradox is based on reports that low total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein serum levels worsen prognosis in HF. Considering the endotoxin-lipoprotein hypothesis, which states that higher circulating levels of cholesterol and lipoproteins can attenuate the CC-related immune activation, we hypothesized that enhancing cholesterol intake would ameliorate HF and CC in experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This study aimed to test the endotoxin-lipoprotein hypothesis in vivo by evaluating functional and molecular effects of a cholesterol supplemented diet in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced rat PAH. Wistar Han rats were injected with MCT (60 mg/kg) or an equal volume of vehicle and, five days after, MCT-injected rats were randomly allocated to consume either normal diet or a cholesterol supplemented diet (cholesterol 2 % and cholic acid 0.25 %). Between the 25th and 30th day, animals underwent echocardiographic and haemodynamic evaluation. We assessed body weight (BW) evolution, peak of oxygen consumption, cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area and pulmonary arterioles wall-thickness. Plasma concentration of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and endotoxin LPS was also determined. The results showed that MCT effectively induced the development of PAH and right ventricle hypertrophy and failure, accompanied by a significant reduction of BW, which is related with CC. Cholesterol supplemented diet induced a significant increase of plasma total cholesterol, HDL-C and non-HDL cholesterol concentration, liver weight and left ventricle cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area. We found also a trend towards lower plasma levels of TNF-α and endotoxin LPS, suggesting that the higher lipoprotein content might reduce the inflammatory activation induced by endotoxin LPS. Further research is needed regarding cholesterol supplementation in CC, in order to clarify these effectsA caquexia cardíaca (CC) é uma complicação da insuficiência cardíaca (IC), caracterizada pela perda de peso involuntária, independente do consumo alimentar e associada a um mau prognóstico. Devido à falta de estratégias terapêuticas, é necessária mais investigação sobre a complexa fisiopatologia da CC, de forma a testar novas abordagens preventivas e terapêuticas. O paradoxo do colesterol baseia-se em estudos que associam baixos níveis séricos de colesterol total e de lipoproteína de baixa densidade a um pior prognóstico na IC. Considerando a hipótese da endotoxina-lipoproteína, que sugere que elevados níveis de colesterol e lipoproteínas possam atenuar a ativação imunológica associada à CC, admitimos a hipótese de que o aumento do consumo de colesterol na dieta poderia melhorar a IC e a CC na hipertensão arterial pulmonar (HAP) experimental. Este estudo teve como objetivo testar a hipótese da endotoxina-lipoproteína in vivo, pela avaliação dos efeitos funcionais e moleculares de uma dieta suplementada com colesterol no modelo animal de HAP induzido pela administração de monocrotalina (MCT). Ratos Wistar Han foram injetados com MCT (60 mg/kg) ou com um volume igual de veículo e, após cinco dias, os ratos injetados com MCT foram aleatoriamente repartidos para consumirem uma dieta normal ou uma dieta suplementada com colesterol (2 % de colesterol e 0.25 % de ácido cólico). Entre o 25º e 30º dia, os animais foram submetidos a uma avaliação ecocardiográfica e hemodinâmica. Foram determinadas a evolução do peso corporal, o pico de consumo de oxigénio, a área de secção transversal dos cardiomiócitos e o espessamento da parede de arteríolas pulmonares. A concentração plasmática de colesterol total, lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL-C), colesterol não-HDL, triglicerídeos, fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF-α) e endotoxina LPS foram também determinadas. Os resultados demonstraram que a MCT induziu efetivamente o desenvolvimento de HAP, hipertrofia e insuficiência do ventrículo direito, acompanhado pela redução significativa do peso corporal, associado com a CC. A suplementação da dieta com colesterol induziu um aumento significativo da concentração plasmática de colesterol, HDL-C e colesterol não-HDL, um aumento da massa do fígado e da área de secção transversal dos cardiomiócitos do ventrículo esquerdo. Verificámos uma tendência para a redução dos níveis de TNF-α e endotoxina LPS, o que sugere que um aumento dos níveis circulantes de lipoproteínas pode reduzir a ativação inflamatória induzida pela endotoxina LPS. Assim, é necessária mais investigação acerca da suplementação com colesterol na CC, de forma a clarificar estes efeitosMestrado em Bioquímic

Social representations, migrations and the media : reflections on the role of film literacy in promoting intercultural dialogue

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o trabalho desenvolvido no âmbito do projeto de doutoramento em Estudos Culturais intitulado “Migrações e identidades no documentário fílmico português: a literacia cinematográfica na promoção da interculturalidade”. Este projeto propõe estudar os discursos e as representações sociais associados às populações migrantes veiculados pelo documentário fílmico produzido em Portugal. Desenvolvemos uma breve reflexão sobre o conceito de representações sociais e o modo como estas são (re)construídas, procurando, de seguida, discutir o papel dos media na difusão de representações sobre a população migrante. Argumentamos que deve ser fomentada a literacia cinematográfica na atualidade, atribuindo-lhe um papel ativo nas escolas, com vista à desconstrução de determinados estereótipos sociais e à promoção da interculturalidade.The paper aims to present the work developed within the doctoral program in Cultural Studies with the project entitled "Migrations and identities in the Portuguese documentary film: film literacy in the promotion of intercultural dialogue". This project proposes to study the discourses and the representations associated with migrant populations spread by the documentary film produced in Portugal. Were developed a brief reflection on the concept of social representations and how they are (re)constructed, in order to understand the role of the media in the dissemination of representations about immigrants. It is argued that literacy should be fostered, giving it an active role in the schools, to allow the deconstruction of certain social stereotypes, promoting the intercultural dialogue.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

Diasporic identity(ies) and the meaning of home in autobiographical documentary films

Reconstructed in social contexts, the memories of forced migration experiences such as those lived by filmmakers Diana Andringa and António Escudeiro – who had to leave Angola, the country where they had been born and raised – are now being highlighted, shared, and negotiated in the current audiovisual context. The documentaries analyzed in this work, Escudeiro’s Goodbye, Until Tomorrow (2007) and Andringa’s Dundo, Colonial Memory (2009), allow us to reflect on how these memories of migration experiences are portrayed in contemporary Portuguese cinema. In this article, we argue that autobiographical narratives – oral and visual – are privileged sites for investigating cultural identity and its construction. Our thematic analysis of these two documentaries was complemented by an in-depth interview with the authors. This multi-method approach allowed us to investigate the social and cultural contexts in which they lived, as well as the meanings of home and belonging to the two filmmakers.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT